The Taking of America free essay sample

America was no special case. European states started formulating legitimate principles to legitimize and defend the way toward procuring title to the grounds (Robertson, 2011 The Doctrine of Discovery that was first given by Pope Nicholas V of the Catholic Church to King Alfonse V of Portugal in the bull Romans Pontiffs. This permitted the catch, vanquish, and mastery of foes, nonbelievers of Christ, and their domains. A similar benefit was allowed to Spain by Pope Alexander VI as an ecclesiastical record that announced war against all non-Christians around the world.Newcomer, 1 992) These worldwide laws of Western Christendom laid the basis for this strict precept that the US government used to prevent the rights from securing the Native American Indians. (Newcomer, 1992) This is the fundamental association between the Christendom standards of revelation and the laws of the United States. This lead to the plan of contemporary United States approaches and laws that removed the Native American Indians rights to their territories, assets, and valid lifestyle. We will compose a custom paper test on The Taking of America or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The indigenous people groups of North America lost to the covering European power and were viewed as wards or inhabitants on their own properties. (Robertson, 2011) In 1 790, the United States Congress passed the first in a progression of Trade and Intercourse Acts conveying forward the prohibition of individual unlicensed buys, to be sure extending the ban to make acquisition of Indian grounds by states illicit and stays a piece of the United States Code (Robertson, 201 1, p. 29). There are three cases and suppositions engaged with the improvement of the Marshall Trilogy-so call after their creator, Chief Justice John Marshall-theSupreme Court laid a great part of the preparation for the resulting advancement of Indian law and strategy in these zones (Robertson, 2011, p. 29). Johnson v Millionths (1 823), put forward the fundamental guidelines Of land procurement and property rights; the second and third, Cherokee Nation v Georgia (1 831 ) and Worcester v Georgia (1 832), offered rules identifying with the nature and extent of ancestral sway (Robertson, 2011 , p. 29). These legal disputes decided the national governments status with respect to Native Americans. This regulation of disclosure was first enunciated in the Supreme Court test case,Johnson v Millionths (1823). (Robertson, 2011) This was the main case concerning Native Americans to be heard in the American court framework and the issue of the degree and cutoff points of innate sway preceded the Suprem e Court. The case was about a land contest between two white men that both were spoken to by counsel paid for by Wabash Land Companies. (Robertson, 2011) The debate tested the legitimacy of the land title purchased by Thomas Johnson Jar. s predecessors in 1 773 (before Independence) from the Epiphanies Indians and the 1775 Wabash land deed bought by WilliamMillionths from the United States central government relating to a similar plot of land. (Robertson, 2011) Johnson sued for an announcement in light of the fact that his title was purchased first which thought of it as prevalent. (Robertson, 201 1) The Court dismissed it under the precept of disclosure that precludes the privilege from securing Indians (because of pilgrim imperialism) to offer their territories to anybody other than the British Crown. (Robertson, 2011) Post-Independence, the United States acquired all rights held by the Crown.

Establishing customer need Essay Example

Building up client need Essay A shopper requires merchandise and enterprises of different types for individual just as family unit use. Some of the time alluded to as clients, every shopper is something of a conundrum to advertisers. How can the person see items, brands, stores or even whole associations? How are people item decision made? Is client devotion feasible? A pattern of buyer conduct has risen as of late to enable Virgin Trains to more readily see basically significant issues, for example, these. Focusing on Virgin Train first Class explorer can be partitioned into two distinct sections. These portions are comprised of business customers and purchasers from social classes A, B and C1. Keynotes (2002), express that the normal number of excursions every week on national rail for social class A-C1 is significantly higher than that of social classes D E. Additionally, the age bunches that utilization the national rail most much of the time are 20-34, which are those from an utilized status. We will compose a custom paper test on Establishing client need explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Establishing client need explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Establishing client need explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In any case, Virgin Trains have chosen to focus on the top of the line business voyager. Tapp (2000, p16) states that most carriers are driven by the 80/20 principle which could likewise be applied to the rail part. The standard is that 20% of clients are from the business segment adding to 80% of its benefits. This recommends it might be increasingly productive for Virgin Trains to focus on the business explorer. A current database holds data about organizations who have recently reserved five star situates on Virgin Trains. This will be utilized as a method of focusing on existing clients and further records will be purchased from another source. Division So as to amplify the viability of the promoting methodology it is fundamental to portion, particularly regarding geographic area. It is significant that the organizations and representatives focused on are geologically situated along Virgin Train courses, as there is no reason for conveying to organizations who don't have simple access to Virgin Trains. Statistical surveying Before any help can be appropriately promoted Virgin Trains must know a lot about: * The market it is to be worked in * The interest for the administration itself * The necessities of the clients for plan, quality, shading, and so on. * The best media to promote the administration in * The value which individuals are set up to pay for the administration. A large portion of this data is acquired by master showcasing individuals who mastermind two sorts of research to be completed: 1. Optional Research which includes discovering what has been expounded as of now on the administration and the market for it. 2. Essential Research which is the trying of the administration thoughts by soliciting individuals what they think from it and by taking a gander at the opposition (how great are serious administrations and what amount is being charged for them). Optional research is profoundly talented work and requires tolerance and the capacity to know which realities are helpful and which are most certainly not. Essential research then again, requires aptitude recorded as a hard copy polls and in orchestrating tests of general society to evaluate the item. The extent of advertising and statistical surveying is extremely expansive. Truth be told pretty much every part of the creation, advancement, deals life of a help is investigated sooner or later for some specific reason. Essential Research Surveys An overview for the most part includes posing inquiries of respondents individuals or associations who answer to the inquiries posed. Virgin Trains, for example, utilized an overview to get some answers concerning the nature of administration and inclinations of shoppers. The review demonstrated that the greater part of the individuals said the nature of administration was generally excellent. Reviews must be helpful for statistical surveying purposes if the inquiries posed are proper. For example, once in a while it is imperative to pose shut inquiries. These are questions which have an unequivocal answer. A model would be: how may prepare ventures have you had a week ago?. Different occasions, the economic analyst should get some answers concerning assessments and permit the respondent to build up an answer. It is best at that point to pose open inquiries, which have numerous potential answers. For example, for what reason do you like this administration? is an open inquiry. Testing An overview can't approach each client for their sentiment. Just a division or test of clients can be studied. To be valuable, the example picked must be illustrative everything being equal (the populace). In an irregular example, each potential respondent has an equivalent possibility of being picked. Irregular numbers can be utilized to do this or it tends to be finished by choosing individuals from a cap. It is regularly very hard to build a really irregular example. So a less expensive and faster technique is to utilize a deliberate example. This is the place, say, each 100th or 1000th individual on a rundown like a phone catalog or the constituent register is picked. A deliberate example isn't really arbitrary however and in this way the outcomes might be less solid. In a standard example, the example is separated. This is a far less expensive technique than irregular examining. The following is an example of the survey I utilized for my essential research. I did the greater part of my poll around train and cylinder station like Sudbury slope station. Poll This poll will pose inquiries to you about the rail business and your opinion of the circumstance it is in. *Please circle the fitting answer Q1.Have you at any point went via train? If not go to address 4. Indeed No Q2. What was your principle purpose behind driving? Work Pleasure Hobby/Sport Training Other Q3. How might you rate your train administration? Bad terrible normal great generally excellent Q3. OK pay more for a superior assistance? Indeed No Q4. Which of the accompanying do you think will improve rail administrations? Additional financing Extra staff Improve cooking Cleaner carriages Comfortable seating Other______________ Q5. Should the rail business be reclaimed into Government proprietorship? Truly No Q4. Which of the accompanying do you feel is more secure to go on? Rail Car Much obliged to you for responding to these inquiries. Aftereffects of Questionnaire My survey got various votes supporting the re-nationalization of the railroads. Many individuals felt that the main genuine impetus for Railtrack and the working organizations like Virgin Trains is to make more benefit for their investors. They felt Railways ought to be viewed as a feature of the open foundation and came back to open proprietorship. One individual said they would be set up to pay more if the railroads were openly claimed, however not to privately owned businesses just to add to their benefits. Ongoing reports from the BBC News online propose that it will be unfathomably costly to re-nationalize the railroads and will give less control to the legislature however they would have more straightforward control and impact over the polices and practices. My survey uncovered that 58% of individuals are eager to spend somewhat more in the event that it will promise them a superior assistance. Optional research Open vehicle As per social patterns 2000, the quantity of rail ventures has expanded since 1981-82, and is currently moving toward the degrees of the late 1950s. As a result of the incredible increment in vehicle travel, be that as it may, rail has an a lot littler portion of absolute travel during the 1950s. The following is a chart indicating the rates of every method of traveler transport. Source: branch of the Environment, Transport and the Regions Rail Journey The following is a diagram indicating the quantity of rail ventures made by every administrator during 1981-1999. Source: division of the Environment, Transport and the Regions A huge improvement as of late has been the expansion in the quantity of rail administrators. Following the privatization in 1996, traveler rail benefits on the national system are given by 25 establishment holders which rent moving stock and pay get to charges to Railtrack plc for utilization of the track. Virgin Trains are one of those establishment holder and they managed by the Franchising Director of the Shadow Strategic Rail Authority (SSRA), which screens their exhibition and controls admissions. Virgin Trains runs on the National Rail line, Passenger traffic on this line rose by three percent in 2001-01, when about 957 million traveler ventures were made (table above). This is the most noteworthy number of traveler ventures since 1962, however there had been in excess of a billion rail traveler travels a year in 1961 and previously. The measure of removed voyaged are a lot higher than the mid 1960s, which recommends that individuals are utilizing the railroads for longer excursions than beforehand. This detail is useful for Virgin Trains as they give a significant distance venture out support of spots like London, Birmingham, Manchester, Liverpool and Glasgow. Rail objections Following the Hatfield crash in October 2000, which the Health and Safety Executive accept was because of a cracked rail, transitory speed limitations (TSRs) were forced by Railtrack on around one thousand destinations all through the national rail organize. Because of these limitations Virgin Trains needed to give new timetables for its administrations, and these, combined with extreme flooding in certain regions, had an antagonistic effect on administration courses of events. For instance, among July and September 2000, 80 percent of significant distance trains showed up on schedule (inside 10 minutes of promoted time); among October and December, this figure tumbled to 48 percent. Beneath shows the rate and sorts of grumblings got. Source: Strategic Rail Authority These issues added to a sharp increment in grumblings made to the Train Operating Companies (TOCS), which run prepares on Great Britains rail framework. Between the final quarter

The Coop

The Coop I go to college. Yay! Heres the thing about college, every single college has books. Books come from one of three places: Internet, Library, or Bookstore. Which of these three am I going to talk about? Well, I cant very well talk about the ENTIRE INTERNET because youd be here for the rest of your life, which for a lot of people, is perfectly acceptable. Dont look at me like that, I know youre one of them! ;) Libraries are cool and all, and I may blog about one ore two later, but today I want to talk about the MIT bookstore. Almost every college out there has a bookstore, most named something like this: ~ The Cornell Store ~ Columbia University Bookstore ~ University of Kansas Bookstore ~ The UCI Bookstore Our bookstore doesnt actually have the word Book or Store in its name. In fact, its not even just our bookstore, we share it with Harvard. Whats it called? The Coop. The Coop is an enigma wrapped in a riddle. For one, its housed in multiple buildings (I know of at least 3). The Harvard Coop sells Harvard stuff, the MIT Coop sells MIT stuff. That makes sense, what doesnt make sense is the pronunciation. How would you pronounce it? I, forever, thought it was pronounced Co-op (rhymes with low hop). I got to MIT and all of a sudden everybody was pronouncing it Coop (rhymes with hoop). Ive never told anybody this, but I spent the better part of 3 months agonizing in my head why it would be pronounced Coop instead of Co-op. Co-op just made so much sense! MIT and Harvard work together for their bookstore, joining in for a cooperative effort. Also, The Coop is based off of a cooperative business model. Each student gets a Coop Card and essentially buys into the bookstore, getting a refund at the end of the year equal to 7% of everything they buy. Why is it pronounced Coop!? Well, at Harvard, it isnt. Its pronounced Co-op. You know what that means? That means we have a bookstore that doesnt have the word book or store in its name, is located in 3 different places around Cambridge, sells different merchandise at each store, and is pronounced two different ways depending on where you go to school. It makes one wonder . . . But enough of that, on to the important stuff. The Coop at MIT is one of my favorite stores. If you ever need anything MIT related, The Coop is the place to go. The store can be divided into three main sections: Books, clothes, and dorm stuff. Check out how many jackets and sweatshirts they have! They also sell a ton of shirts hats and socks Oh, um, I should probably mention, I forgot to take pictures of the actual books at The Coop. What else is there to spend all of your hard earned TechCash on? How about a leather portfolio? or binders? They also have some neat presents for friends and family, like this spiffy IHTFP pennant. or an entire display of stuffed beavers! They sell all the software staples like Adobe and Mathematica, board games, puzzles, food, and other goodies like that as well. Its also air-conditioned, which is a definite plus (and not always a luxury students get to enjoy). Ive been known to spend an hour in The Coop and walk out with an armful of new toys and a guilty conscious due to my compulsory need to spend TechCash on neat stuff! I remember one day I walked out with a Scrabble board, 2 Rubiks cubes (Revolution and greyscale), a dog bone, and Christmas ornament. Luckily, if youre interested in buying a bunch of MIT gear and you dont have access to campus, they have a website that you can peruse. Whats your favorite thing on there? What would you buy?

Ethical Issues in Film Erin Brockovich Essay - 552 Words

Ethical Issues in film Erin Brockovich There are many ethical issues in the movie Erin Brockovich. This movie is about a mother of three who uncovers a water poisoning case by Pacific Gas Electric Company (PGE) in southern California. Erin has the responsibility to feed and educate her three children and she has a general distrust of people. She begins by forcing her lawyer Ed Masry to give her a secretarial job after he failed to get her a settlement from an auto accident. She doesnt exactly fit in at the firm. Other female co-workers do not approve of her cleavage that she shows. Women in the office dont include Erin in going out to lunch and even helping her out when she asks for assistance. There are†¦show more content†¦This representative is perceived to be a heartless person who is not taking responsibility for the damage his company has caused to families like the Jensen’s in the community of Hinckley. Another example of the company, and therefore business world, being rightfully portrayed in a negative light was when an assumed employee from PGE actually calls to threaten the safety of Erin and her children. Erin is threatened by this person because PGE know that she has valuable information that could prove their fault in the health issues of Hinckley community members. Clearly, this act portrays the business world in a damaging way, and I believe we would all hope that our companies would never act in a way to threaten an innocent mother and her family. PGE did not care for others; otherwise they would have changed their policies to stop the use of harmful chemicals. The only employee who I would suggest to be at a higher level on Kohlberg’s scale was a man named Charles Embry who approached Erin toward the end of her investigation. He was instrumental in this law suit because he had saved the documents that PGE had requested to destroy because he knew it was unethical to destroy the evidence of harmful chemicals. He watched his cousin pass away at only 41 years old, after suffering nose bleeds while cleaning the cooling towers, having hisShow MoreRelated Ethical Issues in film Erin Brockovich Essay1534 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Issues in film Erin Brockovich There are many ethical issues in the movie Erin Brockovich. This movie is about a mother of three who uncovers a water poisoning case by Pacific Gas Electric Company (PGE) in southern California. Once it was proved that the company had knowingly dumped hexavalent chromium into the ground water, the utility company was found liable for a $330 million dollar verdict. Erin has the responsibility to feed and educate her three children and she hasRead MoreEthical Issues in the Film Erin Brockovich898 Words   |  4 PagesThe movie Erin Brockovich is based on actual events involving a corporate business called Pacific Gas Electric who knowingly endangering the health of residents and the water supply in the town of Hinkley. Erin is the mother of three children who is out of work. In the midst of her job search she got into an auto accident and was injured. Erin has an ethical and moral responsibility to feed her children so she forces her lawyer Ed Masry to give her a secretarial job after he failed to get herRead MoreErin Brockovich802 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Erin Brockovich† – Movie Overview By Eryn Pilla, Hamilton Onyeukwu amp; Jennifer Poff The movie â€Å"Erin Brockovich† starring Julia Roberts is loosely based on a true story. In the movie, Roberts plays a sassy single mom who is down on her luck and struggling to provide for her three children. She was involved in a car accident and sued the driver of the other car- a wealthy doctor who she felt deserved the blame for the accident. The lawsuit was spearheaded by her lawyer, Ed Masry who eventuallyRead MoreEthical Issues in Erin Brockovich Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesEthical Issues in Erin Brockovich Erin Brockovich is in a car accident that is not her fault and hires attorney Ed Masry to defend her. He gave her the impression that she would be getting a good settlement, but she lost the case. She is a single mom of three, has no money and is unable to find a job. She blames him for losing the case (due to lack of preparation) and forces her way in to a job at his law firm. Because of the way she dresses and acts, nobody takes her seriously and treats herRead MoreTIM HERTACH1497 Words   |  6 PagesThough this would suggest he holds some personal power with upper management, he is unable to influence the two recent issues described in the case. Hertach needed to focus on two general ways in which he could have better influenced his senior partners: through his personal leader development and tactical approach. The first would have taken time prior to the introduction of either issue: evaluate and improve his EQ (emotional intelligence). He needed to evaluate his strengths and weaknesses, and in-turnRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesStarbucks, we have moved Entrepreneurial Adventures up to the front of the book. We have continued Marketing Wars, which many of you recommended, and reinstated Comebacks of firms iii iv †¢ Preface rising from adversity. I have also brought back Ethical Mistakes, because I believe that organizations more than ever need to be responsive to society’s best interests. Altogether, this 11th edition brings seven new cases to replace seven that were deleted from the previous edition. Some of the cases

Compare and contrast Thomas Jeffersons first Inaugural...

Harry Jodelle Kamgaing History 1301-Section 336 Nathan Giesenschlag 23 September 2013 Essay: Topic: Compare and Contrast â€Å"Thomas Jefferson’s first inaugural address† (Chapter 15 in Readings in United States History) and â€Å"Hope and Heritage: Myth and Thomas Jefferson†, (Chapter 14 in†¦show more content†¦The man who started criticizing him as probably the writer Leonard Levy’s in his Book â€Å"Jefferson and Civil Liberties: The Darker Side†. In Chapter 14 â€Å"Hope and Heritage: Myth and Thomas Jefferson†, Gordon Wood really talks about Jefferson’s personal life. Thomas Jefferson is described as someone who had passion for partisan persecution, someone who didn’t care about the civil liberties, someone who thought he was morally perfect and used to judge people around him. In the chapter, they are comparing him to his friend James Madison. Thomas Jefferson wasn’t thinking about the country like Madison when he was taking decisions. While taking his decisions, he was mostly concerned about what his French friends would think of it than the needs of the American population. The main portion of Jefferson’s life, was his fight to abolish slavery. As it is written in this chapter, Thomas Jefferson hated slavery. He worked really hard to eradicate it in New Western territories. But apparently, he was never able to set all his slaves free. Many recent historians claimed that Jefferson’s acting toward Black people was very disgusting, revolting. Especially for someone who claimed that he wanted to eradicate slavery. During his life, he wanted to make sure that the eradication of slavery will be accompanied by the deportation of Back people of the country. For him, Black people living in a white’s man America was totally unbearable. He was â€Å"Racist†. In hisShow MoreRelatedBoyer Dbq Teacher Guide10764 Words   |  44 Pagesyour students have not mastered the expository essay form, you may want to try a simpler activity that will require them to use these documents. You could pose a quiz question requiring them to compare the New England and Chesapeake colonies including the information in Documents D and E. Or they could compare the Spanish and French efforts using the information in Documents B and D. Another possibility would be a jigsaw activity using these documents. Divide your class into four groups and assign students

Individual Privacy vs. National Security Free Essays

National Security has taken a new shape after the events of September 11, 2001, that is why I have selected the topic of Individual Privacy vs. National Security. I have selected this topic because of the amount of attention that has brought to this topic over the last ten years. We will write a custom essay sample on Individual Privacy vs. National Security or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are many issues that the American people have with the government pushing what people believe cross privacy bounds thus causing court cases forcing policy changes. The ruling in the courts will affect how our government is able to gather information on possible terrorist threats while trying to keep the people’s rights protected. I plan on limiting the research by looking at key events that really have sparked the American people to uproar at the U. S. government. In looking at they more key events it will help to cut down the amount of hits that I will get in a search engine. The idea is that if certain issues really fire up the people then how will future bills or laws passed by the government be affected by pass rulings in the courts. In my paper I plan on looking into the Patroit Act and how this really affects what the government is allowed to do when they think someone is involved in terrorist acts. Also the other hot topic is that right now the government really does not need a warrant to track your cell phone using the different GPS signals. These are two of the biggest issues that could really help to shape current policy that the government uses to track people of interest. I am taking the side that there are times that the people of America need to give up some of their rights so that the government can protect them. It is a give and take relationship so there are times that both sides must find a common ground. Yet, there are times that the governments needs to have the ability to protect our national security at all cost. How to cite Individual Privacy vs. National Security, Papers

Pros and Cons Ww1 Essay Example

Pros and Cons Ww1 Essay PRO’S and CON’s For starters, the Paris Peace Treaty that ended WWI causing subjecting Germany to ruinous financial penalties and limited what they could do in the way of rearming themselves to, say, protect themselves from Russia. The outcome of this treaty started the settlement which elaborated in the peace treaties included payment of war reparations, commitment to minority rights and territorial adjustments including the end of the Italian Colonial Empire in Africa. The treaties allowed Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Finland to reassume their responsibilities as sovereign states in international affairs. The essential cons were particularly in Finland, the reparations and the dictated border adjustment were perceived as a major injustice and a betrayal by the Western Powers. However, this sympathy had been eroded by Finlands cooperation. Next, Wilsons Fourteen Points, Wilsons fourteen points were a decent attempt at peace and restitution after the Great War; however, it inherited many problems with the Wilsons agenda. These problems were caused by many things, including Allied bias, American ambition, and Western European dominance. While trying to fix many problems in Europe, the Fourteen Points mainly concentrated on the things that were important to the Allied powers: France was bent on revenge, Great Britain was looking to further its power over the seas, and America was keen on becoming an even more powerful trade nation. The Allied Powers made it very hard for Germany and Austria and the newly formed countries in Eastern Europe to carry out many of the things set down in the fourteen points, the idea of self-determination that is evident in over half of the points. We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons Ww1 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons Ww1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Pros and Cons Ww1 specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They used â€Å"self-determination† as a formula for rearranging the balance of power in their own interests. Point Five of the Wilson agenda was called for the free, open-minded adjustment of all colonial claims. What this did was allow countries to practice limited forms of self-determination, mainly by switching European rule from the more obvious direct control method, to indirect European control. Some countries were allowed independence, but those countries that were denied it became mandates; Palestine, Syria, and Lebanon are examples of the ladder. Mainly Point Five accomplished was that it allowed more colonial holdings to fall into Allied hands, especially those of Britain. The fact that the Allies used self-determination for their own interests is also the reason the people of Austria were not allowed to become a part of Germany. Allowing the union of Austria and Germany would only make Germany stronger, something France especially did not want. Self-determination was also used against Germany in other ways. By allowing Poland to become a country with access to the sea, Germany would be split in half, and former German territory would now be known as the Polish Corridor. Territory was also taken away from Germany to create the nation of Lithuania. Following Leauge of Nations, The problem of bringing its political influence to bear, especially on the great powers, soon made itself felt. Poland refused to abide by the League decision in the Vilnius dispute, and the League was forced to stand by powerlessly in the face of the French occupation of the Ruhr and Italys occupation of Kerkira in 1923. Failure to take action over the Japanese invasion of Manchuria was a blow to the Leagues prestige, especially when followed by Japans withdrawal from the League. Another serious failure was the inability of the League to stop the Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay. In 1935 the League completed its successful 15-year administration of the Saar territory under the supervision of an international military force. But even this success was not sufficient to offset the failure of the Disarmament Conference, Germanys withdrawal from the League, and Italys successful attack on Ethiopia in defiance of the Leagues economic sanctions. In 1936, Adolf Hitler remilitarized the Rhineland and denounced the Treaty of Versailles; in 1938 he seized Austria. Faced by threats to international peace from all sides-the Spanish civil war, Japans resumption of war against China, and finally the appeasement of Hitler at Munich-the League collapsed Where the League commissioner had been reduced to impotence, led to the outbreak of World War II. The act of the League came in Dec. , 1939, when it expelled the USSR for its attack on Finland. In 1940 the League secretariat in Geneva was reduced to a skeleton staff; some of the technical services were removed to the United States and Canada. The allied International Labor Organization continued to function and eventually became affiliated with the United Nations. In 1946 the League dissolved itself, and its services and real estate were transferred to the United Nations. The Leagues chief success lay in providing the first pattern of permanent international organization, a pattern on which much of the United Nations was modeled. Its failures were due as much to the indifference of the great powers, which preferred to reserve important matters for their own decisions, as to weaknesses of organization. These are some of the successes and failures of the League of Nations. One major failure was that it emerged out of the belief that all wars could be avoided if the moral force of world opinion was mobilized against it, but the League never represented world opinion because throughout its life it was only a League of Some Nations. As you can see, most programs and country’s ended in tragedy some ended in victory. Country’s lost while enemy’s gained. Proposals were made and war was ended. Great War caused useful formations and Radical changes were made for the best and for the worst. Point Five of Wilsons fourteen points accomplished was that it allowed more colonial holdings to fall into the allied hands.

Job Opportunity Vs School Example

Job Opportunity Vs School Example Job Opportunity Vs School – Term Paper Example Ethical Dilemma More often than not, we are faced with tough decisions that will impact on our lives no matter which of action we take. Handling ethical dilemmas is challenging especially when the ethical dilemma affects other people as well (Cohen, 2007). Recently, I faced an ethical dilemma whereby, I had to choose between quitting school despite staying for so long without proper education and accepting a job offer that did not consider my level of education. Additionally, I had to leave U.S at the same time to vising my ailing wife who had a miscarriage. This scenario was a tough ethical dilemma because it was unethical for me to quit school despite the amount of money spent on school fees, travel, and residence expenses. Sadly, I was only two weeks to the end of the learning period. Wasting all that hard-earned money and valuable time was unethical. Additionally, giving up the rare learning opportunity especially when I needed the education to improve my bargaining edge in the w orking field was also unethical (International, 2005). Quitting my education and going back to Haiti meant that all the money that had been spent would certainly go to waste and lose the learning opportunity as well. However, on the other hand, my wife who had a miscarriage needed me the most at this crucial time. Leaving her alone to deal with the problem was also unethical since I am responsible, as a husband, to stand with her in times of difficulties (International, 2005). She needed moral and physical support, which I could only offer by going back home. More importantly, I got a job offer that fit my present academic qualifications. Owing to the obligations of supporting my family especially having stayed for long without a job, I found it hard to resist the offer. Supporting my family is my first priority in life and a moral obligation too (Cohen, 2007). This added to the complexity of the dilemma since, the job was not well paying. Furthermore, if I happened to lose the job, then the same family I was trying to protect would suffer greatly. This scenario was a tough ethical dilemma since each course of action had ethical considerations.ReferencesCohen, M. (2007). 101 Ethical Dilemmas. London: Taylor & Francis.International, F. S. (2005). Families in society: the journal of contemporary human services, Volume 86. New York: Family Service America.

Free sample - Spatial architecture of underground design. translation missing

Spatial architecture of underground design. Spatial architecture of underground designFollowing the submission of the abstract on the creation of an underground construction, the following thesis will mainly deal with the designing of a sub-surface space. The creation of extensive underground complexes and even the idea of entire futuristic cities therefore warrant the need to provide near natural conditions for the survival of the inhabitants. This program will generally be based on the precedent-based research on underground space both the vernacular and existing underground developmental projects. The program is therefore dubbed Korean War Memorial with artificial lighting and aeration, aimed at going down memory lane, for rediscovering purposes.[1] The site of this architectural design will be Seoul, the capital of South Korea which was once the heart of the Korean War, and which is up to now being targeted by the North Korea. The thesis program is namely Koran War memorial. With this program, I look forward to pursuing an architectural spatial project with innovative planning in mind. In this program such aspects as air ventilation and light penetration, will be considered and also culture and inhabitable conditions.[2] This will mainly focus on the designing of an artificial aeration and lighting system that will be likened to the natural system. Focus will be on the spatial arrangement of these aspects. In the past, underground space was associated with death, that is burial, and also in war, where soldiers would hide in bunkers. However, current development has since changed that notion and underground dwellings are being designed. And since the natural light and aeration do not penetrate underground, there is therefore need to provide an artificial one that would supplement, and in order for this to happen, there is a reason to study spatial arrangement of the design building. This is in order to bring out maximal output of the underground setting for maximum comfort. The Korean War Memorial with artificial lighting would therefore take people into the past and bring out a feeling of the past in the future.[3]

Health Communications Research Paper on Hurricane Katrina Essay

Health Communications Research Paper on Hurricane Katrina - Essay Example Earthquake stroke Kobe Japan a few years ago killing 200,000 people. True, however is the recent ruthless, Hurricane Katrina hit of Louisiana and Mississippi Gulf Coast August 29, as a Category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 145 mph It flooded 90,000 square miles displacing 400,000 people. 1 The official death toll now stands at 1,302 and the damage estimated from $70 to $130 billion. According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) over one million persons were displaced, and hundreds of thousands remain dispersed throughout the U.S. including some 200,000 people staying in 65,000 rooms in 10,000 hotels or motels nationwide. Additional thousands are reportedly still housed in Texas churches. Forty-three states are now eligible for federal assistance to help meet needs of evacutees. More than 200,000 people also lost their jobs across the affected Gulf region. However, experience from the historical disasters has established a dichotomy between disaster and peoples re silience. People have been able to adapt very first by embarking on reconstruction regardless of the impact. In the wake of Katrina for example resilience has gained a new relevance. Relatively, resilience and catastrophes are two inseparable entities that depend on demographics and the impact of the devastation. Just as some people can fend off traumatic illness while others succumb, not all cities are equally of rebounding from a shock to the system. A person whose health is compromised to begin with, has less chance of recovery than an individual in full health. So too is a city. New Orleans, which already was burdened with huge social and economic problems long before Katrina arrival have played a major role in determining how well the Crescent City will recover from the storm and its aftermath. Urban resilience, moreover, is not necessarily progressive. In spite of the seeming tabular Rasa opportunity a major disaster can offer to correct old errors and put things right, reconstruction tends to favor the status quo. Even if city buildings are toppled, foundations are often reusable and property lines remain. Insurance claims and simple inertia help push landowners to rebuild more or less what they lost. The deep psychological need to see things put quickly back the way they were has also had a positive impact on resiliency and thereof reconstruction. While a disaster can trigger a host of long-term innovations, these tend not to surface in the immediate wake of a catastrophe. Visionary schemes have been the stuff of good times, when people can afford the lu xury of debating possible future. The last thing people want to do in the middle of a disaster is wait around for the minute of a brave new plan to be refined for implementation. When London burned in 1666, Christopher Wren, John Evelyn's and others, full of axial boulevards and capacious plazas; all remained on paper, floated grand schemes. What Londoners returned to instead, was a city that looked and felt much as it did before the conflagration. And while Chicago great fire of 1871 eventually yielded a city of fire-proof masonry buildings as well as the first skyscrapers, the initial reconstruction phase fell back to erecting very kinds of rickety firetraps that caused the catastrophe in the first place. This notion of regressive resilience extends also to a city social order and

Pricing Strategies for NIVEA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Pricing Strategies for NIVEA - Essay Example For this reason Nivea launched the ‘Nivea for Men’ in the year 2008 (The Times 100, 2008). In the face care category, Nivea Visage is the most successful product in the markets of Europe, France, Austria, and Germany. In Germany this product captured 1% market share, in Austria it surpassed 1% market share just 3 months after product launch, in France it covered more than double the target market share (Maschauer & Et. Al., 2004). In Germany’s shower segment, Nivea Bath Care occupied 11.9% share, in bath product segment Nivea Bath Care occupied 11.5% share, in the liquid soap segment, it occupied 7% of market share and in solid soap segment Nivea Bath Care occupied 13.6% market share (European Cosmetic Markets, 2007). Beiersdorf operates in imperfect competitive markets. There are generally many sellers in this type of competition. The offered products are primarily differentiated. There are competitor brands present such as Rexona, FA, Palmolive, Dove and many ot hers. There is free entry for entering the market and company can sustain in the long run. The products are also differentiated. The product cost in this type of competition is determined by market power and buyers or sellers have ideal information about the brand of the company (Reynolds, 2005). During 1970 to 1980, Nivea extended the brand to a wide range of skin care products, such as Nivea creme and Milk Soap among others. Nivea creme first came in the market of Germany in the year 1912. In Europe, this creme was launched in the year of 1912, in the United States it was launched in the year of 1922 and in other countries including South America, it was launched in 1926. The other products of the brand are body soap, powder and sun protection... Nivea is one of the leading names in the global consumer products market pertaining to skin care and beauty related products. The discussion will further proceed with identification of certain factors such as market share and products of Nivea along with the competition that the company faces. In the subsequent section of the assignment, value based market segmentation will be applied along with its six relevant steps in order to comprehend the market and consumer segment of Nivea. Nivea has emerged as a popular name in superior quality skin care and beauty products. It is one of the biggest cosmetic brands which transformed from a skin care product to a trustworthy personal care product for all family type. Nivea has been able to create a niche for itself in not only European market but also global market. It has been able to withstand tough competition globally and has emerged as a leading player. It has expanded its operations in many new markets such as South America, Eastern Eur ope, Central America and Asia. Nivea occupies almost 15% of men’s fairness market. Sales of male skincare products have increased after launching of the ‘Nivea for Men’. The company wanted to raise its share in the UK male skincare segment. Value based segmentation facilitates pricing with actual value perceived and delivered to customers. This provides information that which type of customers are paying most profitable price. For making a value based segmentation six steps are needed.

The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison

The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison There are many beautiful things in this world. There are beautiful people, beautiful places, and beautiful things. When telling a story there are ways to portray beauty. Then, on the other hand there are ugly things in this world. Things like the way people look, how situations can be, or how people can be treated. In every book the author will either look to tell the good parts of a story, or to show the bad in the situation. For example, an author could take a person and tell about how fat or poor the person is, and looks to entertain by pointing out those facts. Then on the other hand the author could talk about how perfect and rich a persons life is, and looks to entertain by talking about this. Well in the novel The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison does not portray beauty, but instead shows the ugliness in the world. Toni Morrison shows that it was very hard for Pecola in everyday life. For starters, Pecola was not the richest person. In fact, she and her family where very poor and living in poverty. As stated by Toni Morrison in the novel Although their poverty was traditional and stultifying, it was not unique. (Morrison 38). This quote is talking about the financial issues if the Breedloves family. It states that it is the average poor person situation. Theres nothing too deep about the issue. Instead of Toni Morrison talking about how poor the family is, she could have just shed more light on the good things out of the situation. She shows the way Pecola had to feel every time she wakes up. Out off all of the good things going in the world Pecola has bad things happening to her. Pecola also has to deal with being ugly. In The Bluest Eye it was also stated No one could have convinced them that were not relentlessly and aggressively ugly. (Morrison 38). This quote is showing the attitude that they had about themselves. It says that they felt no one could say much to prove them as not being ugly. They didnt really think highly of themselves. Toni shows how horrible life was for Pecola and her whole family being reminded every day that they are not beautiful. Having in the back of their minds that nobody feels that they are beautiful. In the novel The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison shows how sick and cruel people can be. Racism was shown very heavily towards Pecolas father Cholly when he was caught in the woods with a white girl. Two racist white men picked the perfect opportunity to show the sickness of racism. A recent article stated and we observe Chollys humiliating and traumatic sexual experience at the hands of two white, racist hunters. (Blumenthal 118). The quote tells about a sexual encounter with Cholly. He is caught in the act by two white racist hunters. They proceeded to humiliate him. In the world today sex goes on pretty much everywhere, but it is even worse that in this particular incident a black man was caught in the act by two racist whites. And, instead of just going about their business they just had to humiliate him by forcing him to continue as they watched. The two white men showed no remorse. Also, in The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison began to shed a little light on the cruelty of a fathers relation ship. A recent article shows a readers feelings about the situation, Father will you play with Jane becomes indicative of something darker (Blumenthal 117). This quote shows hidden darkness. It shows how one phrase can become something totally different. It implies that the father is a negative character. Its just shows the sickness of how a father can go and begin to have feelings for his very own blood daughter. Toni portrays this in the novel, and in fact has an entire section in it about the father not controlling his feelings, and actually getting physical with his daughter. Toni has no problem showing how evil the minds of people can be in this day and time, and its only getting worse. Toni Morrison shows how dreams never became reality, and how a young childs is never answered in the particular situation. In the novel Pecola sees her friends and other people around her with beautiful families. She sees this and starts to get ideas about how it would be to have a family like this. In a recent article from a reviewer of The Bluest Eye it was stated she also wants a family unlike her own. (Hirsch 3). In this quote the author is pointing out what Pecola wants. She wants a family not like her own. She doesnt like the one she has. This shows that there is a real issue due to the fact that a poor little girl has to go through feeling as if her family isnt so great, and that she could use a new, more perfect like family. Also Toni Morrison begins the novel off putting in how a perfect family would be with the Dick and Jane story. She does this almost as if to tease the reader that the story will be a perfect life time story. A reviewer recorded Mother, Father, Dick and J ane live in the green -and- white house. They are very happy. (Hirsch 3). This quote shows the perfect family of Dick and Jane. It tells about the house they live in. It is also very vague on details. The reason for Toni Morrison putting this in the beginning of the book was to show you a model beautiful family. Then she writes a novel about a very dysfunctional family. She points out almost everything that could be bad about a family. She shows a daughter being raped, a little girl being inappropriately touched, and a black man being forced to continue to have sex with a girl in front of two racist men. In the novel The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison shows the difficulties and struggles people had to deal with during this time. Most of the time a person is judged only on how they look, and are treated accordingly. In the novel a woman was decribed in these exact words Paulines blackness, her pregnancy, and every other manifestation of her physicality are entirely absent from her visual and cultural intake. (Rokotnitz 396). The quote is talking about Paulines physical appearance. It says that she I basically different on the inside than she is on the outside. She may look a certain way but it doesnt mean she feels that way. Even though she has a very different personality than the way she looks, she still has to deal with those who do not know her personally. She is constantly judged off of the first look. This is just one of the many situations that where dealt with during this time. Another incident deals with a little girl feeling guilty about something that she didnt fully understand. An article for a reader mentions from the novel Claudia holds herself responsible, believing she was to blame for these premature deaths. (Rokotnitz 401). The quote shows that Claudia feels guilty. She feels responsible for the death of the babies. She is too young at the time to understand the entire situation. This shows the ugliness of the novel. A young girl feels guilty of a death. This isnt something a young child should have to go through. Just imagine the hurt she feels and how she will be scared. Toni Morrison portrays the ugliness of the world in the novel The Bluest Eye. For starters, she shows how difficult life can be for the young girl Pecola growing up. Pecola and her family where not wealthy at all. They were actually poor and nothing was unique about them, They were just another poor family, and she had to wake up and deal with this every day. Not only was her and her family poor, but they were also very ugly. No one, including themselves, felt that they were beautiful. They had no hope or self esteem for themselves. Morrison also shows the cruelties of the way people were treated with the two white racist hunters forcing Cholly to continue to have sexual relations. And also, how sick a father could be to harness impure thoughts about a very own blood daughter. Morrison also shows that nothing good happens in this girls life. She dreams of having a perfect family unlike the one she has. In the end, Toni Morrison pointed out nothing beautiful in the story.

Eng 102 Poetry Essay

Denise K. Steen February 28, 2012 English 102 Option #2 Reflections Within is a non-traditional stanzaic poem made up of five stanzas containing thirty-four lines that do not form a specific metrical pattern. Rather it is supported by its thematic structure. Each of the five stanzas vary in the amount of lines that each contain. The first stanza is a sestet containing six lines. The same can be observed of the second stanza. The third stanza contains eight lines or an octave. Stanzas four and five are oddly in that their number of lines which are five and nine.Beginning with the first line in the first stanza, â€Å"The Earth's cool breeze spoke to me†, the meter examined within this line is trimeter, containing seven syllables, iambic and anapestic. The second line in the stanza, â€Å"He said, â€Å"Come to be free,† also trimeter, continues with the iambic syllable and introduces a trochee within its six syllables. The formal characteristics of the first two lines i n conjunction with its text suggests a seemingly serene beginning with a hint of possibility that something is about to change. For example, the meter is the same and the structure of the syllables in each line are similar with slight differences.The third line, â€Å"fly with me, in my winds over the seas. † contains five feet of meter or pentameter, where the pyrrhic syllable is introduced to accompany the previously introduced trochee and iambic syllables in this nine syllable line. The continuance of the second sentence into line three and then closes after â€Å"seas†, paired with the change in meter, suggests the end of consistency and a rise in to what is to come. â€Å"Be the element that I need. â€Å", the fourth , eight syllable line, is written in trimeter with trochee and anapestic syllables.This line returns us to the familiar feeling of the first two lines repeating the trimeter with trochee and anapestic syllables that are present there. The fifth lin e, â€Å"Without you, turbulent winds I stir†, nine iambic, spondee and anapestic syllables are written in tetrameter. The last line of the first stanza, â€Å"calling my anger from above striking the Earth. † is written in hexameter, containing twelve syllables of trochee, iambic and pyrrhic meters. The fifth and sixth line combined contain all of the syllables used in the first four lines of the stanza; iambic, trochee, spondee, anapestic and pyrrhic.This combination suggests the importance of all the elements of the first four lines and likewise are repeated here. Unlike the chaotic scheme of meter throughout the first stanza, the rhyme scheme is more consistent. Masculine rhyme is present here with an end rhyme of aabbcc; me, free, seas, need, stir, Earth. This more consistent pattern continues into the second stanza. In the next six lines of the second sestet the pattern becomes clearly parallel to its text. The seventh line, â€Å"As I refused, the sky started t o pound†, is measured in pentameter with iambic and pyrrhic syllables.The eighth line, â€Å"and I wondered if his love would ever be found. â€Å", repeats the pentameter and the iambic syllable but drops the pyrrhic and is replaced by the anapestic syllable. The difference in the softness of the pyrrhic two unstressed syllables and the anapest, two unstressed syllables followed by a sharper stressed syllable is symbolic of the text, exhibiting compassion during chaos. The ninth line, â€Å"I believe when the first laser like lightning cracked the sky†, fourteen syllables in hexameter with iambic, anapest and an added spondee syllable suggests a rise in the event. The tenth line, â€Å"the Earth's atmosphere surely died. exhibits a decline in its eight syllables from its previous fourteen. There is also a drop in meter from hexameter, six feet, to tetrameter of four feet. Lastly, a drop in the type of syllables in these two lines leaves us with the iambic and sponde e. These obvious declines in the formal characteristics of the text are synonymous to a decline in life or simply death. Again in the eleventh and twelth lines of the second stanza, â€Å"Dirt gray clouds filtered the air above, And just as I began to cry,† we see a repeated pattern of the tetrameter and again the iambic, anapestic and spondee syllables while dropping the anapest in the twelth line.This symbolizes the familiar that is about to proceed in the text. The rhyme scheme in the second stanza ddeefg brings us to an end in the texts' relation to the Earth's cool breeze just as the rhyme pattern discontinues from its previous flow, aabbcc. The third stanza which marks the middle of the poem begins, â€Å"The Ocean said, Come flow freely with me† with ten syllables written in pentameter accompanied by iambic, spondee and trochee syllables. A steady rhythm in meter is noted in the next four lines which declines to trimeter for all four lines. Line fourteen,  "and the creatures in my seas. contains pyrrhic, trochee and anapestic syllables. The fifteenth line in trimeter, â€Å"Here your tears will disappear,† contains for the first time in the poem, a dactyllic syllable accompanied by the iambic syllable. Line sixteen, â€Å"and your worries will cease. † contains again the iambic syllable now accompanied by the pyrrhic syllable. The last line in the series of trimeter lines is line seventeen which states, â€Å"Be the element that I need. â€Å". concludes the metered pattern. In lines fourteen through seventeen the meter is measured the same, however there is a new element added to the syllables previously used in the beginning stanzas.The repeated trimeter is suggestive of familiar situation but the new syllable is symbolic of the relation to the new element in the text, the Ocean. A change, line eighteen, â€Å"Without you, dangerous waters will come to the shores,† spikes with its thirteen syllables written in an inclined meter of pentameter and includes a mesh of anapest, dactyl, pyrrhic and iambic syllables indicating a heightening of awareness or danger. Line nineteen continues, â€Å"calling the pain from my ocean floors†, declines to tetrameter while still containing a mess of syllables, the dactyl, trochee, spondee and iambic, suggesting a heed in warning.The twentieth line concludes, â€Å"and the Earth's land will be no more. â€Å", declines to eight syllables written in tetrameter now only including the pyrrhic, spondee and iambic syllables is suggestive of a last reasonable plea before chaos begins again. The rhyme scheme in the third stanza is not one of an established category, hh (end rhyme: me, seas) ii (internal rhyme: tears, disappear) hh (end rhyme) jjj (end rhyme: shores, floors, more). There is almost an asymmetrical balance in the third stanza between the consistent formal characteristics such as the repeated meter and rhyme scheme to the variance in usage o f syllables.Both are about equal in presence suggesting that peace exists within the chaos of the text. In the fourth stanza we will observe how the text begins to transcend through its formal characteristics and signals a coming to a close or better phrased, resolution. The twenty first line continues, â€Å"As I rejected the offer he had for me†, a familiar variation of line seven, is written in hexameter with iambic, pyrrhic and trochee syllables. The next line, â€Å"White waves began to crash rythmically† lowers to tetrameter and contains nine syllables, spondee, iambic and dactyl.Here the recession in meter is suggestive in comparison to the text and signals to the reader a familiar situation seen earlier in the text. Line twenty three continues on, â€Å"and just as I began to swim†, eight syllables written in tetrameter, again, accompanied only by pyrrhic and iambic syllables signifies a hault in the pace of the text, another change, a possible resolutio n. Line twenty four reveals a slight change, â€Å"A beam of light struck through and within†, although the meter is the same as the last, the pyrrhic syllable is dropped and the anapest is added while continuing with the iambic syllable.The last line in the stanza continues, â€Å"the clouds and shown down on the Ocean's body. â€Å", one step up from tetrameter to the supporting pentameter and a few added syllables as seen before, the pyrrhic, iambic, trochee and anapestic. Stable with a slight change in formal characteristics indicates a window of hope, an open door or a light at the end of the tunnel, when compared to its subject matter. It is here where transcendence truly begins to make an appearance. The rhyme scheme in the fourth stanza is much like the pattern in the first stanza with one exception.The pattern seen here in the fourth is as follows: kkllm (me-rhythmically, swim-within, body). There is no pairing rhyme for m. Suggesting that the subject has lost some thing between the first and the fourth stanza. The final and fifth elongated stanza of nine lines begins, â€Å"It was the Earth's mother star and she said,†, in ten syllables of pentameter with trochee and iambic syllables. The twenty seventh line, â€Å"Yield your fear and dry up that tear†, has eight syllables presented in tetrameter, one less than the previous line, and one more type of syllable accompanies trochee and iambic, the spondee.The meters difference and the difference of the syllables can be interpreted as an intoduction to something new, Earth's mother star. Line twenty eight continues the statement, â€Å"that runs down your red cheek. â€Å", again a lesser amount of meter is found here as it is written in trimeter and accompanied by two types of syllables, the trochee and spondee. A slowing in the meter of these first three lines in the last stanza prepares the reader for its ending, the final resolution.In line twenty nine, â€Å"This is all just a freak of Nature's selfish ways†, the meter again rises to hexameter and introduces again a hodge podge of syllables, the pyrrhic, trochee, iambic and spondee which is suggestive of the mess â€Å"Nature† is in. Line thirty serves as a clearing of the way, â€Å"So understand these and the ones in you† written in pentameter, a decline in meter, indicating a coming to a close. Syllables trochee, spondee and iambic remain indicating stability to come. Lines thirty one through thirty four share a common meter, trimeter. However, their syllables vary slightly in each.For instance, line thirty one, â€Å"and the sky once again will be blue† written with only anapestic measures. Line thirty two, â€Å"Understand the Ocean's pain†, simply the iambic and anapestic syllables. In line thirty three, â€Å"and he too will remain tame† has an added syllable and consists of the anapest, pyrrhic and spondee supportive of a conclusion, a means to an end. A nd finally line thirty four of the five stanzas, â€Å"For these are reflections within. † in finish is settled with the repetative trimeter in eight even syllables of iambic and anapestic syllables suggesting peace, it is now over.The rhyme scheme in the fifth stanza is again unfamiliar. It is constructed as such: n-oo(internal rhyme fear, tear) pp(internal rhyme cheek, freak) q-rr(end rhyme you,blue) ss(end rhyme pain,tame) t. This unusual rhyme scheme is reflective of the texts chaotic events. The overall physical structure of the text supports a theme based on transcendence through nature. No two stanzas are alike. There is constant change in the formal characteristics as well as the text itself. Although it would seem that the chaos of these characteristics would make no sense, it makes perfect sense.There is chaos in the text so why shouldn't there be in the poem's structure? We will now explore the literary devices used throughout the poem and relate them with the domi nant patterns of imagery of Reflections Within. Synesthesia is the first device noted in the first line of the poem. Mixing the sense of feel, â€Å"The Earth's cool breeze, spoke to me†, and the audible sense is combined with the use of imagery. Personification is present here by giving air the human ability to speak. The â€Å"cool breeze† suggests what type of atmosphere the subject is experiencing. He said, Come to be free, fly with me in my winds over the seas. â€Å", suggesting the capacity to submit to feeling and be led by it to transcendence. â€Å"Be the element that I need. † Element, the word is used here as a connotation synonymous to â€Å"love†. â€Å"Without you turbulent winds I stir,† uses kinetic imagery to show motion and suggests change from love to violence. Continuing on to the closure of the first stanza, â€Å"calling my anger from above striking the Earth. â€Å", expressionism is clear here in that this line attempts to portray inner experience characterized by extreme mood or feeling with violent exaggeration.In this first stanza the atmosphere has set the mood that something is uneasy, that there is a conflict or a problem even if unclear at this stage. The second stanza continues the conflict in its first and second lines, â€Å"As I refused, the sky started to pound, and I wondered if his love would ever be found. † suggests a sense of helplessness by the subjects' inability to console the pain of the Earth's cool breeze. â€Å"I believe when the first laser like lightning cracked the sky, the Earth's atmosphere surely died. † several literary devices are used here such as the onomatopoeia â€Å"cracked† resembling the sound that lightning makes.Another connotation is observed in â€Å"atmosphere† used in place of â€Å"heart†. Personification is repeated here in giving the Earth the sense of life through death and dying. The smoothness of the rhyme scheme up until this point in the text is consistent until the next two lines interfere with the structure. â€Å"Dirt gray clouds flitered the air above,† again a change is indicated here suggesting that a new setting is approaching. â€Å"And just as I began to cry,† suggests a sense of helplessness again in that the situation is familiar and unchanging or worsening.Turning to the third stanza the subject finds themselves again in a familiar situation with the Ocean, cornered . â€Å"The Ocean said, Come flow freely with me, and the creatures in my seas† synethesia is evident in the Ocean's ability to speak and make an offering. â€Å"Here your tears will disappear, and your worries will cease. † a promise of security. â€Å"Be the element that I need. † the same connotation made of the word element previously, stands firm here as well. In return, the Ocean asks for love. â€Å"Without you dangerous waters will come to the shores, calling the pain from my ocean floors and the Earth's land will be no more. A condition to the offering, conditional love, which is not truly love at all if it is consequential. This suggests that things aren't quite what they seem in this serene image of ocean waters. This central stanza recalls a similar situation from the first two verses supporting the relationship between the self and nature. It also marks the central high point or climax which eventually must descend. â€Å"As I rejected the offer he had for me,† a variation of the familiar line seven, suggests the beginning of another familiar problem, rejection, in the first line of the fourth stanza. White waves began to crash rhythmically†, kinetic imagery is used here in the word rhythmically which gives motion to the entire phrase suggesting change. There is a change in the mood of the Ocean from calm and serene to violent waves. â€Å"Crash† is used as an onomatopoeia, as the sound waves would make when â€Å"crashingâ €  upon one another. â€Å"And just as I began to swim†, we have now transcended in nature from flying with the winds to swimming in the seas, hence, transcending through nature to locate the genuine. â€Å"A beam of light struck through and within† suggestive of a glimmer of hope, the â€Å"light†. Through and within†, symbolic of the heart or soul, the genuine. â€Å"The clouds and shown down on the Ocean's body†, resolution! The light revealing the Ocean's body puts a stop to its misbehavior, like a child when caught bullying a sibling. This beginning of a resolution signals the root of the subjects' dilemna. â€Å"It was the Earth's mother star and she said,†, again an inatimate object is given human characteristics in speaking, symbolizing personification. Security can be suggestive of the mother star as it is located â€Å"above† all else and is given a godly sense. One that is reveared with power, love, sterness and compassio n.The same as a loving parent or â€Å"mother†. â€Å"Yield your fear and dry up that tear, that runs down your red cheek†, just as a mother would wipe the tears from a crying child's eyes. â€Å"This is all just a freak of nature's selfish ways† here the transcendence between the self and nature come together. â€Å"So understand these and the one's in you, and the sky once again will be blue† is suggestive of oneness with nature, or one in the same, the self. â€Å"Understand the Ocean's pain, and he too will remain tame†, personification is given again to the Ocean giving it the ability to understand or feel pain.This line also exhibits oneness with nature. â€Å"For these are reflections within. † could suggest dramatic monologue being that it is unknown if the author intended to reveal that the reactions of the earthly elements were deeply rooted in the self. This romantic didactic poem shows us that one may have control over what happe ns around them depending on thier outlook on life and how one handles their emotions. Moving on to examining the formal characteristics of William Wordsworth's poem, I wandered lonely as a cloud which shares a common theme with the previous poem Reflections Within, transcendence through nature.I wandered lonley as a cloud is a romantic stanzaic poem consisting of four stanzas each made up of a sestet or six lines for a total of twenty four lines. The first five lines, I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills When all at once I saw a crowd, A host of golden daffodils, Beside the lake, beneath the trees, are all written in iambic tetrameter. A change is indicated at the end of the stanza when the metered pattern changes as does the rhyme scheme simultaneously. Line six, â€Å"Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. † is nine syllables written in tetrameter accompanied now by an anapest and iambic syllables.The change in rhyme scheme from abab ending t he stanza in cc represents the stable basis that will be repeated throughout the transcendence of the text. The same is noted for the end rhyme scheme of the text per each stanza. The second stanza, Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the milky way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of a bay: alternates between nine and eight syllables, consistent in the rhyme scheme here as dede. All four lines are identical to the formal structure of the previous tetrameter measured lines in the first stanza.However, there is a notable change in the existence of syllables besides the iamb such as the anapest, pyrrhic, trochee, dactyl, and spondee which includes all possible combinations of syllables, suggesting that the text reaches beyond the tangable, including all things, the universe. Lines eleven and twelve of the second stanza stand again as a steady base, Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. to support the previous four lin es with its double end rhyme scheme gg, accompanied by eight syllables per line, also written in tetrameter to reinforce the supporting repeated pattern of the subject in text.The third stanza, The waves beside them danced; but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee; A poet could not but be gay, In such jocund company; I gazed – and gazed- but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought: again continues the same previous pattern of end rhyme, hihijj. Still consistent with the meter measured as tetrameter. Again a conglomorant of syllables are used such as the iamb, pyrrhic, spondee and a trochee which suggests the continuing of the worldly idea and that everything is in place just as it was intended, the way nature intended it. The last stanza in sestet,For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils. reverts back to th e structure seen in the first stanza written in iambic tetrameter which is similar to the texts' suggestive flashback. Keeping the flow of the rhyme scheme to its completedness, klklmm is suggestive of a repeated pattern, similar to the subject of the text, a place to be revisited. The overall structure of this text is very organized with regular meter and rhyme.Similar in the way that nature also has a specific order. Transcendence does not make itself obvious here in the physical structure, rather it makes somewhat of a circle reverting back to its original state, similar in the way that nature rejuvinates itself. Wordsworths' words in this text are used as a capacity to submit to feeling and be led by it to transcendence through the use of literary devices and dominant patterns of imagery which we will now examine. The first line, â€Å"I wandered lonely as a cloud† establishes personification, as if a cloud would purposefully think to wander such as a person might do. Tha t floats on high o'er vales and hills†, the beginning of a presented journey. â€Å"When all at once I saw a crowd,† suggests change or something new and exciting. â€Å"A host, of golden daffodils,† a host, suggests a party of people. Perhaps a â€Å"crowd† of people at a gathering. â€Å"Beside the lake, beneath the trees†, suggestive of an out-door event, a reunion or union of such. â€Å"Fluttering and dancing in the breeze† allows the image to become kinetic in setting motion to the â€Å"crowd† of daffodils that are fluttering and dancing amongst themselves, as socialites do at a wedding. Continuous as the stars that shine, And twinkle on the milky way†, suggests an imagery of beauty that goes far beyond what the eye can see. â€Å"They stretched in never-ending line, along the margin of the bay;† suggests a pause as if they were waiting for something. â€Å"Ten thousand saw I at a glance,† suggests a feeling of being overwhelmed by the sight and therefor is exaggerated. â€Å"Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. † uses kinetic imagery to suggest again change. This imagery could be symbolic of bachelorettes waiting in line to catch the bouquet, to make the transformation from bachelorette to bride.The sprightly motion is a feminine suggestion that supports this image. â€Å"The waves beside them danced; but they Out-did the sparkling waves in glee† suggests that even the beauty of the water was no match for the joy of the daffodils. â€Å"A poet could not but be gay, In such a jocund company;† again the insinuation of a group suggests people, in this case of good company. â€Å"I gazed – and gazed but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought† suggests that the subject took the moment for granted and like the fourth stanza, the moment comes to an end. For oft when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood,† suggests that we are back in the atmosphere of the first stanza wandering lonely as a cloud. â€Å"They flash upon that inward eye†, a connotation of â€Å"inward eye† locates the genuine here, flashing back to the imagination or the mind. â€Å"Which is the bliss of solitude†, suggests that the subject is content with being alone, not restrained by the ties of marriage, enititled to private thought and to think whatever one should want. And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils† suggests that the subject returns to the nature of being man and appreciates the beauty in nature, be it flower or woman, he has the option to pick from this metaphor. The conclusion of the text recycles the subject back to the familiarity of the beginning text. Transcendence through nature in this text reflects the relationship between the self and the beauty of nature. Reflections Within and I wandered lonely as a cloud are two poems that share the common theme, transcend ence through nature.The major differences between the two text is that the subject in Reflections Within does not achieve being at one with nature until the end of the poem and is supported by its chaotic line structure and variances in syllables and meter. Whereas the second texts' subject is completely at one with nature throughout the entirety of its text and is mirrored in the confindence of the repeated line structure, rhyme scheme and meter. The main focus of both subjects is escape however they differ in motivation. While one subject is trying to escape the negative nature of self, the other escapes to nature in positive imagery.Locating the authentic in both of these texts also differs. The genuine in Wordworth's poem is located in the head or the mind of the subject. The authentic or genuine is located in the heart of the subject of Reflections Within. Both texts are similar in the elements of nature that are used in order to transcend the character through nature such as t he breeze, stars and water or waves. Both texts treat nature with human characteristics such as speaking, dancing and many other motions which are necessary to transcend. Overall both texts treat nature as a source for authenticity and spiritual refreshment.

Definition and Examples of Epitaphs

The Transnational Crime Of Drug Trafficking - 925 Words

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